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Using Personal
Titles
#5:
Titles
Used in
Schools
There are many different titles used
in
English and some
of them are used
only in particular situations
or places.
There are titles, for example, that are used
mainly
in
schools.
In the U.S., there are both public
and
private schools
at many
levels--nursery school (for very young
children)
kindergarten (for children younger than six), and
12
years
of "regular"
school--elementary school, junior high
school,
and high school. There are also technical
(trade)
schools for students who
have finished high
school
and professional schools (usually for
students
who have
finished four or
more years of university training).
Workers in "regular" school
may
have many different
job
titles--for example,
Superintendent, Principal,
Headmaster, Department
Head (or Department
Chair),
Head (or Lead)
Teacher, Teacher's Aide,
Athletic
Director, Coach, Band (or
Orchestra
or Choir)
Director,
Head of
Security, Attendance Secretary,
School Nurse,
and so on. For most
of these job
titles, the personal titles
Mr.,
Ms., Miss, and Mrs.
( + a
family name)
are
commonly
used. If someone
has an academic doctor's
degree
(PhD,
EdD, etc.), however, the title
Dr.
(
+ a family
name) is normally used. Also, Coach
( + a family name) is a common
title.
In many languages,
Teacher
is also a personal title.
In English, it is not.
When you are speaking directly to someone
in a
school,
you can use Mr.,
Ms., Miss,
Mrs.,
Dr., or Coach
(plus
a family name). When you do not use a family
name, use
sir,
or ma'am (without any
name).
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Special Notes:
| 1. |
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Public schools
in the U.S. are supported
by
taxes paid by
citizens. Private schools
are not supported by taxes.
They may be
supported by religious groups, private
organizations, companies,
or other
groups. |
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| 2. |
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In the U.S., elementary school often
has
five grades (levels), but in some
schools, there are six levels.
Elementary
school is sometimes called by other
names: grammar
school,
grade school,
and
lower
school. |
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| 3. |
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In the U.S., junior high school is often
for
grades 6, 7, and 8 or for grades 6,
7, 8, and 9. In some schools,
it is for
grades 7, 8, and 9. Junior high school is
often abbreviated to "junior
high," and
sometimes it is also called
middle
school. |
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| 4. |
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In the U.S., high school is also called
senior high
(school), secondary school,
and,
sometimes, upper school. It is
often
for four years (grades
9, 10, 11, and
12),
but is sometimes for three years
(grades
10,
11, and 12). |
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| 5. |
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In technical (or
trade)
schools, students
learn the skills for a particular trade or
occupation--barber, mechanic,
secretary,
bookkeeper, and so on. |
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| 6. |
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In professional schools,
students
receive
very specialized training--for example,
in
medicine,
dentistry, psychiatry, law,
etc. |
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| 7. |
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Remember that teacher is
not a
personal
title in English. *Teacher Jones or
*Teacher
Linda
are fine in many languages,
but
"teacher" is not used this way in
English. |
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