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The English future perfect tense can be understood as
a combination
of future time and the present perfect tense:
it
shows an action or event that started in the
past, is starting
or will start in the future and that will
also be completed
at some future time.
The form
of the future perfect
tense has these parts:
will + have + the past
participle
(third form of
the verb)
Examples:
will have finished something
will have lived here
will have known each other
will have left
will have owned something
will have been
The future perfect tense is
used as was
outlined above:
the
action or event started before now,
is starting now,
or
will start after now, but it will not
be completed
until
some point in the future.
Examples:
In December, 2001 Dave's ESL
Cafe
will have been online for six years.
(It hasn't yet been online for
six years.)
I hope that I will have finished this Hint
by 9:30 PM. (It isn't finished
yet).
At 2:30 tomorrow afternoon,
I will have
finished my third class. (My classes won't
begin until tomorrow morning
and they
won't finish until tomorrow at
2:30 PM.)
In about five minutes, I will have thought
of at least five example sentences.
(I'm
thinking
of example sentences now, but
I still don't have five of them.)
In June, 2001, my niece will have been
married for two years. (She got married
in June, 1999. Her two-year anniversary
won't be until June, 2001.)
It's 8:45 PM now. By 9:30
PM, I hope that
I will have sent
this Hint to Dave Sperling.
(I haven't
sent it yet.)
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Special Notes:
| 1. |
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The form of the future perfect
combines the forms
of the future with will and the present perfect:
will (or any modal verb) + simple form
have / has
+ past participle
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will |
+ |
simple
form
(
= have) |
+ |
past participle |
Because the first part of
a future perfect verb
is a one-word modal auxiliary, the second
part is
the simple (base) form of have: S-forms,
past forms, and -ing forms cannot be used.
Because
the last two parts are like the present
perfect
in form, the third part is always the
past participle.
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| 2. |
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The
main verb (the past participle) shows the
end point of the action or event. In the first
example sentence above, "be online for six
years" will finish in December, 2001. In the
last
example sentence above, I hope that "send
this
Hint" will be finished at 9:30 PM. |
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